Conference of Parties (COP)-28
The 28th session of the Conference of the Parties (COP)-28 on United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is being held, from 30 Nov 2023 to 12 Dec 2023 at Dubai in UAE.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
Here is the list of of COP held since its inception till date
COP No. | Year | Country | Importance |
COP 1 | 1995 | Germany | It is the first Conference Of Parties (COP) on UNFCC |
COP 2 | 1996 | Switzerland | Here scientific findings on climate change by IPCC accepted and rejected the uniform harmonized policies and discussed on legally binding mid-term targets. |
COP 3 | 1997 | Japan | Kyoto protocol was adopted on reduction of green house gases obligation  |
COP 4 | 1998 | Argentina | A Plan of Action to enhance the efforts made by the Kyoto Protocol was adopted and Argentina and Kazakhstan came as the first two non annexed countries to accept the Kyoto protocol obligation. |
COP 5 | 1999 | Germany | No important outcome |
COP 6 | 2000 | Netherland & Germany | Flexible mechanism adopted where industrialized countries to fund emissions reduction activities in developing countries for mitigating domestic emission. Forest and cropland management adopted for Carbon sink from atmosphere. |
COP 7 | 2001 | Morocco | Adaptation Fund established. Accounting procedure for flexibility mechanism. Legally binding consequences for failure to meet the emission target. Operational rules for international emission trading. |
COP 8 | 2002 | India | Adopted the Delhi Ministerial Declaration discussed on efforts by developed countries to transfer technology and minimize the impact of climate change on developing countries |
COP 9 | 2003 | Italy | Agreed upon of Adaptation Fund established at COPÂ 7 in supporting developing countries to better adapt to climate change |
COP 10 | 2004 | Argentina | Special emphasis on climate change mitigation and adaptation and discussed on progress made by the COP since its inception |
COP 11 | 2005 | Canada | Came up as the First conference of parties meeting of parties to Kyoto protocol  (CPM 1) |
COP 12 | 2006 | Kenya | Climate tourist term coined by BBC reporter Richard black. Parties adopted a five year plan work to support climate change adaptation by developing countries |
COP 13 | 2007 | Indonesia | Â Agreement on a timeline and structured negotiation with adoption of Bali action plan. |
COP 14 | 2008 | Poland | Parties agreed upon financing a fund to help the poor nations to participate in climate change mitigation and forest protection programme. |
COP 15 | 2009 | Denmark | The conference could not achieve a binding agreement for long-term action plan on Kyoto protocol post 2012 as the first commitment period expires in 2012 |
COP 16 | 2010 | Mexico | IPCC set goal of maximum 20C global warming all parties should action upon the same. |
COP 17 | 2011 | South Africa | management framework for green climate fund was adopted to distribute US $100 billion to the poor countries to adopt the climate change impacts. |
COP 18 | 2012 | Qatar | Doha Amendment to the Kyoto Protocol adopted for a second commitment period from 2012-2020 for Kyoto protocol. |
COP 19 | 2013 | Poland | Warsaw Framework for REDD-plus was adopted. |
COP 20 | 2014 | Peru | Hosted 20th COP and 10th CMP to Kyoto protocol. |
COP 21 | 2015 | France | Paris Agreement was adopted and ratified by member countries. |
COP 22 | 2016 | Morocco | Focused on water scarcity, water cleanliness, and water-related sustainability, issues as a major problem in the developing countries. |
COP 23 | 2017 | Germany | The launch of the Powering Past Coal Alliance. The logo for UNFCC was introduced. |
COP 24 | 2018 | Poland | First Parties to the Paris Agreement (CMA 1) Â was held and Poland came up as one of the leader in the process of tacking climate change. |
COP 25 | 2019 | Spain | CMA-2 and CMP-15 held. No important action taken. |
COP 26 | 2021 | UK | Accelerated the Zero coalition to accelerate to phase out of fossil fuel vehicles and phase down coal fires power stations. |
COP 27 | 2022 | Egypt | Agreement made to compensate the poor countries on loss and damage due to climate change made by rich countries. |
COP 28 | 2023 | UAE | Pope francis issued risk action against the climate crisis and condemns climate change denial. US president Joe Biden did not attend the conference |
